Questions 151–160 of 239. Imported answers require independent review unless marked reviewed.

Topic practice 239 questionsPage 16 of 24

Question 51

Open question
ECNAT2 marksNeeds review
A rectangular waveguide of width

and height

has cut-off frequencies for

and

modes in the ratio 1:2. The aspect ratio

, rounded off to two decimal places, is ______.

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Question 52

Open question
ECNAT2 marksNeeds review
In the circuit shown,

is a 10 V square wave of period,

with

and

. The capacitor is initially uncharged at

, and the diode is assumed to be ideal. The voltage across the capacitor (

) at 3 ms is equal to ____ volts (rounded off to one decimal place).
Diagram for Electronics and Communication Engineering question 52


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Question 53

Open question
ECNAT2 marksNeeds review
A CMOS inverter, designed to have a mid-point voltage

equal to half of

, as shown in the figure, has the following parameters:


for nMOS

for pMOS
The ratio of

to

is equal to ____ (rounded off to 3 decimal places).
Diagram for Electronics and Communication Engineering question 53


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Question 54

Open question
ECNAT2 marksNeeds review
In the circuit shown, the threshold voltages of the pMOS (

) and nMOS (

) transistors are both equal to 1 V. All the transistors have the same output resistance

of 6 M

. The other parameters are listed below:



and

are the carrier mobilities, and

is the oxide capacitance per unit area. Ignoring the effect of channel length modulation and body bias, the gain of the circuit is ____ (rounded off to 1 decimal place).
Diagram for Electronics and Communication Engineering question 54


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Question 55

Open question
ECNAT2 marksNeeds review
In the circuit shown,

and

. The other relevant parameters are mentioned in the figure.
Diagram for Electronics and Communication Engineering question 55

Ignoring the effect of channel length modulation and the body effect, the value of

is ____ mA (rounded off to 1 decimal place).

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Question 15

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ECNAT1 markNeeds review
Consider the following amplitude modulated signal:

The ratio (accurate to three decimal places) of the power of the message signal to the power of the carrier signal is __________.

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Question 16

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Consider a binary channel code in which each codeword has a fixed length of 5 bits. The Hamming distance between any pair of distinct codewords in this code is at least 2. The maximum number of codewords such a code can contain is __________.

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Question 17

Open question
ECNAT1 markNeeds review
A binary source generates symbols

which are transmitted over a noisy channel. The probability of transmitting

is 0.5. Input to the threshold detector is

. The probability density function

of the noise

is shown below.
Diagram for Electronics and Communication Engineering question 17

If the detection threshold is zero, then the probability of error (correct to two decimal places) is __________.

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Question 18

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A p-n step junction diode with a contact potential of 0.65 V has a depletion width of 1 μm at equilibrium. The forward voltage (in volts, correct to two decimal places) at which this width reduces to 0.6 μm is ______.

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Question 19

Open question
ECNAT1 markNeeds review
A traffic signal cycles from GREEN to YELLOW, YELLOW to RED and RED to GREEN. In each cycle, GREEN is turned on for 70 seconds, YELLOW is turned on for 5 seconds and the RED is turned on for 75 seconds. This traffic light has to be implemented using a finite state machine (FSM). The only input to this FSM is a clock of 5 second period. The minimum number of flip-flops required to implement this FSM is ______.

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