GATE XE year:2020 PYQs & Answers — Page 18

Questions 171–175 of 175. Imported answers require independent review unless marked reviewed.

Topic practice 175 questionsPage 18 of 18

While driving south a distance of 1000 km, the temperature outside your car increases from 10 °C to 20 °C. Assuming the air is completely dry, g = 10 m s⁻² and Coriolis parameter = 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹, the vertical gradient of the geostrophic wind (rounded off to 2 decimal places) is ______ m s⁻¹ km⁻¹.

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A westerly wind of 10 m s⁻¹ is blowing at a location in the Pacific Ocean in the northern hemisphere. Assuming density of sea water = 1000 kg m⁻³, Coriolis parameter = 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ and drag coefficient for sea water = 10⁻⁶, the Ekman transport due to the wind at that location is ______ kg m⁻¹ s⁻¹.

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Mₓ and Mᵧ represent the ocean mass transport in the x and y directions, respectively. Lₓ and Lᵧ are the corresponding east-west and north-south length scales. For a typical equatorial ocean gyre, if the ratio of zonal to meridional mass transport ≈ 10, then Lₓ ≈ ______ Lᵧ.

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Assume that pressure varies exponentially with height:

, where

is the pressure at a height

above the surface,

is the surface pressure, and the scale height

km. Under these conditions, one-fourth of the total mass of the atmosphere lies above a height (rounded off to 1 decimal place) of ______ km above the surface.

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Consider an atmospheric column of depth 300 m at the Earth’s surface with an average temperature of 300 K. If the temperature of the layer rises by ΔT = 10 °C, the layer depth

will increase by Δh. Assuming ΔT/T ≈ Δh/h, air density remains unchanged at 1 kg m⁻³ and g = 10 m s⁻², the change in surface pressure is ______ kg m⁻¹ s⁻².

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GATE XE year:2020 PYQs

Question 18

Question 19

Question 20

Question 21

Question 22