GATE XE year:2021 PYQs & Answers — Page 17

Questions 161–170 of 175. Imported answers require independent review unless marked reviewed.

The water vapour mixing ratio of an air parcel increases from 10 g kg⁻¹ to 20 g kg⁻¹ at a constant pressure of 1010 hPa and temperature of 300 K. The change in virtual temperature is _____ K (to one decimal place).

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The Ekman layer thickness, if turbulent diffusivity is 0.01 m² s⁻¹, is _____ m. Take Coriolis parameter to be 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹. Calculate to the nearest integer.

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The figure shows vertical variation of two chemicals P and Q measured in the Pacific Ocean. Identify the correct combination showing (P, Q) pair from the list below.

Diagram for Engineering Sciences question 10

Your answerChoose one option.

Oxygen, Nitrate

Oxygen, Neon

Nitrate, Oxygen

Neon, Nitrate

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Consider tropical high-level clouds and low-level stratus clouds with bases at 12 km and 1 km above the surface of the Earth, respectively. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?

Your answerSelect all correct options. You can choose more than one.

High clouds are composed of ice crystals.

High clouds have a larger albedo than low clouds.

High clouds have a net warming effect on climate.

Low clouds have a net warming effect on climate.

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Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct in the context of Sverdrup transport?

Your answerSelect all correct options. You can choose more than one.

Sverdrup transport is always in the meridional direction.

Sverdrup transport is always orthogonal to the wind direction.

Sverdrup transport depends on the variation of the Coriolis parameter.

Sverdrup transport is only due to geostrophic currents.

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Which of the following statement(s) is/are true with regard to the Hadley circulation?

Your answerSelect all correct options. You can choose more than one.

The ascending branch is narrower than its descending branch.

Thunderstorms are more frequent in the subsiding region of the Hadley cell than in its ascending region.

The lower level winds between the ascending and descending branches of the Hadley cell are north-westerly.

Latent heat is transported from the subsiding to the ascending region of the Hadley cell.

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Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about the ocean circulation?

Your answerSelect all correct options. You can choose more than one.

Large-scale ocean surface currents are driven by winds.

Cold, dense and salty water forms in the North Atlantic Ocean.

Upwelling currents bring warm nutrient deficient water to the surface of the ocean.

Thermohaline circulation does not transport energy in the meridional direction.

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Coral reefs are found primarily in tropical and subtropical shallow seawaters. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?

Your answerSelect all correct options. You can choose more than one.

Corals require plenty of sunlight for photosynthesis and sunlight is abundant in the tropical and subtropical latitudes.

Corals grow optimally in seawater unsaturated in carbonate, which is found only in the tropical and subtropical oceans.

Corals grow optimally in fresh low-salinity water.

Corals grow optimally in water temperatures between 23°C and 29°C.

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In an incompressible fluid, the horizontal divergence is −0.01 s⁻¹. Then, the vertical velocity at 50 m above a flat surface is ____ m s⁻¹. Round off to one decimal place.

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In an atmosphere, temperature (T) decreases linearly with height above the ground (z), i.e., T(z) = T₀ − γ z, where γ is a constant. Surface pressure is 900 hPa. If the atmosphere is at rest, then the value of z at which the pressure decreases to half of that at the surface is ____ m (round off to the nearest integer).

Take acceleration due to gravity g = 10 m s⁻², gas constant R = 300 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹, T₀ = 300 K and γ = 1/30 K m⁻¹, and the atmosphere behaves as an ideal gas.

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GATE XE year:2021 PYQs

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Question 17