GATE XL 2026 Paper 1 — page 32

Questions 94–96 of 122. Imported answers require review unless explicitly marked reviewed.

In eukaryotic cells, a mutation reduces the enzymatic activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase by 90%, without affecting expression. Under aerobic conditions, which one of the following metabolic changes is most expected in cells with the mutation compared to cells without?

Your answerChoose one option.

Mutated cells will accumulate pyruvate and increase lactate production, despite oxygen being available

Mutated cells will have higher metabolic flux through Krebs cycle, resulting in higher NADH yield

This mutation will have no effect on metabolism

Mutated cells will have depleted levels of pyruvate and lactate, despite oxygen being available

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Which one of the following describes the role of enhancers in eucaryotic gene regulation?

Your answerChoose one option.

Enhancers always lie immediately upstream of the promoter and function only in a fixed orientation

Enhancers can act at variable distances from the promoters and may function upstream, downstream, or within introns of genes

Enhancers directly bind to RNA polymerase II to initiate transcription

Enhancers overlap with the RNA polymerase II binding site

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Retes are networks of outgoing arteries and returning veins that create a counter-current pattern. Retes in the flippers of seals that live in temperate areas function as

Your answerChoose one option.

sensitivity enhancers to increase pain sensitivity in the flippers.

metabolism blockers to prevent excess nutrients from being made in the flippers.

heat blocks to prevent body heat from being lost to the flippers.

pressure enhancers to spike blood pressure in the flippers.

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2026 · Paper 1

Question 94

Question 95

Question 96