GATE XL year:2026 PYQs & Answers — Page 11

Questions 101–110 of 122. Imported answers require independent review unless marked reviewed.

In rivers that range in salinity (ppt) from low to high, researchers find that the aquatic snail species P (solid curve) and Q (dashed curve) were distributed according to the pattern illustrated in figure (i) when the species are together. The researchers then conducted a manipulative experiment in similar rivers with the same salinity range, where they removed either species P or Q. Figure (ii) illustrates the number of individuals of species P and Q when they were allowed to live alone. These snails have no other competitors or predators. Which one or more conclusions can be drawn from these two figures?

Your answerSelect all correct options. You can choose more than one.

Fundamental niche of P is larger than fundamental niche of Q

Fundamental niche of Q is larger than realized niche of Q

Fundamental niche of P is larger than realized niche of P

Fundamental and realized niches of P are the same

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Which of the following statements is/are correct for the phylogenetic tree depicted below?

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Species R and Species S are reciprocally monophyletic

Species R is sister to a clade comprised of Species P and Q

Species P and Species Q are reciprocally monophyletic

Species P, Q, R and S share a common ancestor

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In her exploration of the Western Ghats, Dora finds four new species of fungi. Below is the DNA sequence alignment for a single locus from these new species that she calls Yeti, Unicorn, Bigfoot and Godzilla. Using the principle of parsimony and the DNA sequence alignment information below, which one or more of the following tree topologies represent(s) the relationship between these species?

Yeti: ATGC Unicorn: ATGT Bigfoot: ATGA Godzilla: ATGT

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Ergotism is caused by ingestion of grains infected with

Your answerChoose one option.

Clostridium perfringens

Rhizopus stolonifer

Lactococcus lactis

Claviceps purpurea

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Match the bacteria in Column I with their respective characteristic features in Column II.

Column I: (P) E. coli (Q) B. subtilis (R) S. aureus (S) L. monocytogenes

Column II: (1) Gram-positive, round-shaped and non-spore formers (2) Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore formers (3) Gram-positive, rod-shaped and spore formers (4) Gram-positive, rod-shaped and non-spore formers

Your answerChoose one option.

P-1; Q-4; R-2; S-3

P-2; Q-1; R-3; S-4

P-2; Q-3; R-1; S-4

P-2; Q-4; R-1; S-3

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Carmine, a food colorant, is derived from

Your answerChoose one option.

Curcuma longa

Dactylopius coccus

Beta vulgaris

Monascus purpureus

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Which one of the following carbohydrates is NOT a storage polysaccharide?

Your answerChoose one option.

Starch

Glycogen

Chitin

Dextran

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Which one of the following statements is true for a high-pressure homogenizer?

Your answerChoose one option.

Homogenization takes place only due to uniform mixing of solid and liquid

Solid particles in the suspension are disintegrated due to the high shear rate exerted by the liquid

High pressure steam is injected to dissolve the solids

Solid particles in the suspension are compressed into a cake under high pressure

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Coconut oil contains a small fraction of unsaturated fatty acids, but still has a low melting point due to the presence of

Your answerChoose one option.

large amounts of long chain saturated fatty acids

mostly medium chain saturated fatty acids such as lauric acid

few hydrogen bonds per fatty acid chain

higher cholesterol content

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Which of the following amines, produced as a result of protein degradation, is/are foul smelling?

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Histamine

Cadaverine

Tyramine

Putrescine

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GATE XL year:2026 PYQs

Question 101

Question 102

Question 103

Question 104

Question 105

Question 106

Question 107

Question 108

Question 109

Question 110